Tuesday, June 14, 2011

1st Vocab list on A and B

Chem Vocab


Chem Vocab

Filtration- solid particles are separated from a liquid by passing the mixture through a material that retains the solid particles and allows the liquid to pass through.

Filtrate- the liquid collected after filtration.

Adsorbs- attracts and holds on its surface

Percent recovery= percent of orginial foul water sample recovered as purified water.

Histogram-graph- graph showing percent recovery obtained by all groups in the class

Range – difference between the largest and smallest caules in a data set.

Average- add all the values together and divide by the total number of values also called the mean value.


Median- list all percent recovery values in either ascending or descending order then find the middle of the list. Ex. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7       If even number of data points, take the average of the two values                   nearest the middle


                                    Median

Distillation- another water purification technique

Electrical conductivity- focuses on the presence of dissolved, electrically charged particles in the water.

Tyndall effect- particle are too small to see but big enough to reflect light coming from a beam. (tests clarity and purity.)

Direct water use- that which can be directly measured

Indirect water use- hidden uses of water that you may never have considered.

States of water
Gaseous state- water vapor in the air
Liquid state- regular water (lakes, rivers, oceans, clouds, rain)
Solid state- ice, snow

Surface water- water from a river or other bodies of water

Ground water- from a well; ground water must be pumped to the surface.

Aquifer- a water-bearing layer of stone, sand, and rock. Wells are made above them and obtain their water.
Foul water purification methods

Oil-water Separation- way to purify water

Sand filtration- way to purify water

Charcoal adsorption and filtration- way to purify water

Vocab for B.1-B.4

Matter- anything that occupies space and has mass

Physical properties- properties that can be observed and measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance.

Density- the mass within a given voume.

Freezing point of water is 0 degrees C

Aqueous solution- water based solution

Mixture- when two or more substances combine, and yet the substances keep their individual properties

Heterogeneous mixture- composition not uniform throughout.
Suspension- type of heterogenous mixture when the solid particles are large enough to settle out of can be separated by using filtration.

Tyndall effect- the scattering of light

Colloid- small, solid particles still in water type of mixture

Homogenous mixture- particles that become uniformly mingled with the particles of water

Solutions- homogeneous mictures consist of one or more solutes and a solvent

Solute- the dissolved substance

Solvent- the dissolving agent

Elements- one type of atom

Compounds- two or more types of atoms chemically bonded

Particulate level- at the level of its atoms and molecules

Atoms- often called the building blocks of matter. Matter made up of only one kind of atom

Element- matter that is made up of only one kind of atom

Compound- a substance that is composed of the atoms of two ro more elements linked together chemically in certain fixed proportions.

Chemical formulas- elements are represented by these

Substance- each element and compound is considered by these; each has a uniform and definite composition.

Molecule- smallest unit of a molecular compound that retains the properties of that substance

Example of element is oxygen

Water is a molecular compound

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