Chem Vocab
Chem Vocab
Filtration- solid particles are separated from a liquid by passing the mixture through a material that retains the solid particles and allows the liquid to pass through.
Filtrate- the liquid collected after filtration.
Adsorbs- attracts and holds on its surface
Percent recovery= percent of orginial foul water sample recovered as purified water.
Histogram-graph- graph showing percent recovery obtained by all groups in the class
Range – difference between the largest and smallest caules in a data set.
Average- add all the values together and divide by the total number of values also called the mean value.
Median- list all percent recovery values in either ascending or descending order then find the middle of the list. Ex. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 If even number of data points, take the average of the two values nearest the middle
Median
Distillation- another water purification technique
Electrical conductivity- focuses on the presence of dissolved, electrically charged particles in the water.
Tyndall effect- particle are too small to see but big enough to reflect light coming from a beam. (tests clarity and purity.)
Direct water use- that which can be directly measured
Indirect water use- hidden uses of water that you may never have considered.
States of water
Gaseous state- water vapor in the air
Liquid state- regular water (lakes, rivers, oceans, clouds, rain)
Solid state- ice, snow
Surface water- water from a river or other bodies of water
Ground water- from a well; ground water must be pumped to the surface.
Aquifer- a water-bearing layer of stone, sand, and rock. Wells are made above them and obtain their water.
Foul water purification methods
Oil-water Separation- way to purify water
Sand filtration- way to purify water
Charcoal adsorption and filtration- way to purify water
Vocab for B.1-B.4
Matter- anything that occupies space and has mass
Physical properties- properties that can be observed and measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance.
Density- the mass within a given voume.
Freezing point of water is 0 degrees C
Aqueous solution- water based solution
Mixture- when two or more substances combine, and yet the substances keep their individual properties
Heterogeneous mixture- composition not uniform throughout.
Suspension- type of heterogenous mixture when the solid particles are large enough to settle out of can be separated by using filtration.
Tyndall effect- the scattering of light
Colloid- small, solid particles still in water type of mixture
Homogenous mixture- particles that become uniformly mingled with the particles of water
Solutions- homogeneous mictures consist of one or more solutes and a solvent
Solute- the dissolved substance
Solvent- the dissolving agent
Elements- one type of atom
Compounds- two or more types of atoms chemically bonded
Particulate level- at the level of its atoms and molecules
Atoms- often called the building blocks of matter. Matter made up of only one kind of atom
Element- matter that is made up of only one kind of atom
Compound- a substance that is composed of the atoms of two ro more elements linked together chemically in certain fixed proportions.
Chemical formulas- elements are represented by these
Substance- each element and compound is considered by these; each has a uniform and definite composition.
Molecule- smallest unit of a molecular compound that retains the properties of that substance
Example of element is oxygen
Water is a molecular compound
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